Terms Used in Subtraction
Minuend: The bigger number from which the
smaller number is subtracted, is called minuend.
Subtrahend: The smaller number which is
subtracted from the minuend, is called subtrahend.
Difference: The result obtained on subtraction
is called difference.
Subtracting 1-digit Number from a 2-digit Number
Example: Subtract 8 from 95.
Solution:
Step 1: Subtract ones. 8 cannot be
subtracted from 5. Borrow 1 ten from 9 tens and regroup ones as 5 ones + 10
ones (1 ten) = 15 ones. Subtract 8 ones from 15 ones.
15 – 8 = 7
ones. Write 7 in ones column.
Step 2: Subtract tens. Since 1 ten is
borrowed by the ones column, tens column is left with 8 tens. 8 – 0 = 8 tens.
Write 8 in tens column.
Subtracting 2-digit Number from a 2-digit Number
Example: Subtract 46 from 61.
Solution:
Step 1: Subtract ones. 6 is bigger than 1.
You cannot subtract 6 from 1. So, borrow 1 ten from the tens column and regroup
the ones column. 1 ten + 1 one = 10 ones + 1 ones = 11 ones. Now, subtract the
ones. 11 ones – 6 ones = 5 ones. Write 5 in the ones column.
Step 2: Subtract
tens. Since 1 ten is borrowed by ones column, 5 tens are left in tens column. 5
– 4 = 1. Write 1 in the tens column.
Subtracting a 3-digit Number from a 3-digit Number
Example: Subtract 185 from 453.
Solution:
Step 1: Subtract the ones.
Regroup 1
ten into 10 ones.
13 ones – 5
ones = 8 ones
Step 2: Subtract the tens.
Regroup 1
hundred into 10 tens.
14 tens – 8
tens = 6 tens
Step 3: Subtract the hundreds.
3 hundreds –
1 hundred = 2 hundreds
Subtraction Facts
1. If we subtract zero from a number,
the difference is the number itself.
Examples:
24 – 0 = 24; 34 – 0
= 34; 78 – 0 = 78
2. If a number is subtracted from
itself, the difference is always zero.
Examples: 35 – 35 = 0; 47 – 47 = 0; 92 – 92 =
0
3. When 1 is subtracted from a number,
the difference is the previous number.
Examples: 19 – 1 = 18; 53 – 1 = 52; 25 – 1 = 24
Subtraction in Story Time
Example
1: An ice-cream
parlour had 188 ice-creams. If the parlour sold 65 ice-creams in one day, how
many ice-creams were left in the ice-cream parlour?
Solution:
Number of
ice-creams in the parlour = 188
Number of
ice-creams sold = 65
Number of
ice-creams left = 188 – 65 = 123 ice-creams
Example 2:
An auditorium has
485 seats. In a magic show, 186 seats were booked. How many seats are still
left?
Solution:
Total number
of seats in the auditorium = 485
Number of
seats booked = 186
Number of
empty seats = 485 – 186 = 299 seats
Class 2 Subtraction Test
Maths
Quiz for Class 2 Subtraction