Curved Lines and Straight Lines
If you
stretch a rope tightly, you get a straight line.
If you hold
the rope loosely, you get a curved line.
The straight
lines and the curved lines look like the following.
Horizontal,
Vertical, and Slanting Lines
A straight
line can be horizontal, vertical, or slant.
Horizontal
Line
When lines
are drawn on ground or parallel to ground, then they are called horizontal
lines.
Vertical
Line
When lines
are drawn from top to bottom, that is, in a standing position, then they are
called vertical lines.
Slanting
Line
Straight
lines which are neither vertical nor horizontal are called slanting lines.
Plane
Shapes
The shapes
which are flat, are called plane shapes. The plane shapes have only two
dimensions. Therefore, they are also called two-dimensional (2D) shapes.
In this
level, you will know about 4 plane shapes. They are square, rectangle, triangle
and circle.
Square
A square has
4 sides and 4 corners. All sides are equal.
Rectangle
A rectangle
has 4 sides and 4 corners. Opposite sides are equal.
Triangle
A triangle
has 3 sides and 3 corners.
Circle
A circle is
a round figure with no sides and corners.
Solid
Shapes
Shapes like
a square, rectangle, triangle and circle are all flat shapes without any
thickness. But objects like a pencil box, die, party cap, gas cylinder, ball,
etc. are not flat. These shapes are called solid shapes.
Solid shapes
have three dimensions. Therefore, they are called 3-dimensional (3D) shapes.
Cube
This is a
cube. It has 6 equal flat faces, 12 edges, and 8 corners.
Cuboid
This is a
cuboid. It has 6 flat faces, 12 edges, and 8 corners.
Cylinder
This is a
cylinder. It has 2 flat faces, 1 curved face, and 2 edges.
Cone
This is a
cone. It has 1 flat face, 1 curved face, 1 edge, and 1 vertex.
Sphere
This is a
sphere. It has 1 curved face, no edge, and no corner.
Rolling
and Sliding
Solids that
have flat surfaces can slide down a sloping surface.
Solids that
have curved surfaces can roll down a sloping surface.
A cube and a
cuboid have flat surfaces. Therefore, they can slide down a sloping surface.
A sphere has
a curved surface. Therefore, it can roll down a sloping surface.
A cylinder
and a cone have curved and flat surfaces. Therefore, they can slide down a
sloping surface on their flat surfaces.
A cylinder
and a cone can roll down a sloping surface on their curved surfaces.
Class 2 Shapes
Test
Class 2 Shapes
Worksheet