NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.4
NCERT Solutions for Class
9 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.4 are the part of NCERT Solutions for Class
9 Maths. Here you can find the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2
Polynomials Ex 2.4.
- NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Number Systems Ex 2.1
- NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Number Systems Ex 2.2
- NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Number Systems Ex 2.3
- NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Number Systems Ex 2.4
- NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Number Systems Ex 2.5
Ex
2.4 Class 9 Maths Question 1.
Determine which of the following
polynomials has (x + 1) as a factor.
(i)
x3 + x2 + x + 1
(ii)
x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1
(iii)
x4 + 3x3 + 3x2 + x + 1
(iv)
x3 – x2 – (2 + √2)x + √2
Solution:
The zero of x + 1 is -1.
(i)
Let p(x) = x3 + x2 + x + 1
∴ p(-1) = (-1)3 +
(-1)2 + (-1) + 1 .
= -1 + 1 – 1 + 1
⇒ p(-1) = 0
So, by factor theorem, (x + 1) is a factor of x3 +
x2 + x + 1.
(ii)
Let p(x) = x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1
∴ P(-1) = (-1)4 + (-1)3 + (-1)2 +
(-1) + 1
= 1 – 1 + 1 – 1 + 1 = 1
⇒ P(-1) ≠ 0
So, by factor theorem, (x + 1) is not a
factor of x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1.
(iii)
Let p(x) = x4 + 3x3 + 3x2 + x +
1
∴ p(-1) = (-1)4 + 3(-1)3 + 3(-1)2 +
(-1) + 1
= 1 – 3 + 3 – 1 + 1 = 1
⇒ p(-1) ≠ 0
So, by factor theorem, (x + 1) is not a
factor of x4 + 3x3 + 3x2 + x +
1.
(iv)
Let p(x) = x3 – x2 – (2 + √2)x + √2
∴ p(-1) = (-1)3 – (-1)2 –
(2 + √2)(-1) + √2
= -1 – 1 + 2 + √2 + √2
= 2√2
⇒ p(-1) ≠ 0
So, by factor theorem, (x + 1) is not a
factor of x3 – x2 – (2 + √2)x + √2.
Ex 2.4 Class 9 Maths Question 2.
Use the Factor Theorem to determine whether g(x) is
a factor of p(x) in each of the following cases.
(i) p(x)= 2x3 + x2 – 2x – 1, g(x) = x +
1
(ii) p(x)= x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1, g(x) = x +
2
(iii) p(x) = x3 – 4x2 + x + 6, g(x) = x
– 3
Solution:
(i) We have, p(x)= 2x3 + x2 –
2x – 1 and g(x) = x + 1
∴ p(-1) = 2(-1)3 + (-1)2 – 2(-1)
– 1
= 2(-1) + 1 + 2 – 1
= -2 + 1 + 2 – 1 = 0
⇒ p(-1) = 0, so, by factor
theorem, g(x) is a factor of p(x).
(ii)
We have, p(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 and g(x) = x
+ 2
∴ p(-2) = (-2)3 + 3(-2)2 + 3(-2) + 1
= -8 + 12 – 6 + 1
= -14 + 13
= -1
⇒ p(-2) ≠ 0, so, by factor
theorem, g(x) is not a factor of p(x).
(iii)
We have, p(x) = x3 – 4x2 + x + 6 and g(x) = x –
3
∴ p(3) = (3)3 – 4(3)2 + 3 + 6
= 27 – 4(9) + 3 + 6
= 27 – 36 + 3 + 6 = 0
⇒ p(3) = 0, so, by factor theorem,
g(x) is a factor of p(x).
Ex 2.4 Class 9 Maths Question 3.
Find the value of k, if x – 1 is a factor of p(x) in
each of the following cases.
(i) p(x) = x2 + x + k
(ii) p(x) = 2x2 + kx + √2
(iii) p(x) = kx2 – √2 x + 1
(iv) p(x) = kx2 – 3x + k
Solution:
For (x – 1) to be a factor of p(x), p(1) should be
equal to 0.
(i)
Here, p(x) = x2 + x + k
Since, p(1) = (1)2 + 1 + k
⇒ p(1) = k + 2 = 0
⇒ k = -2
(ii)
Here, p(x) = 2x2 + kx + √2
Since, p(1) = 2(1)2 + k(1) + √2
= 2 + k + √2 = 0
k = -2 – √2 = -(2 + √2)
(iii)
Here, p(x) = kx2 – √2x + 1
Since, p(1) = k(1)2 – √2(1) + 1
= k – √2 + 1 = 0
⇒ k = √2 – 1
(iv) Here, p(x) = kx2 – 3x + k
Since, p(1) = k(1)2 – 3(1) + k
= k – 3 + k
= 2k – 3 = 0
⇒ k = 3/2
Ex 2.4 Class 9 Maths Question 4.
Factorise
(i) 12x2 – 7x + 1
(ii) 2x2 + 7x + 3
(iii) 6x2 + 5x – 6
(iv) 3x2 – x – 4
Solution:
(i) We have,
12x2 – 7x + 1 = 12x2 – 4x – 3x + 1
= 4x(3x – 1 ) – 1(3x
– 1)
= (3x – 1) (4x – 1)
Thus, 12x2 – 7x + 1 = (3x – 1) (4x – 1)
(ii)
We have, 2x2 + 7x + 3 = 2x2 + x + 6x + 3
= x(2x + 1) + 3(2x + 1)
= (2x + 1)(x + 3)
Thus, 2x2 + 7x + 3 = (2x + 1)(x + 3)
(iii)
We have, 6x2 + 5x – 6 = 6x2 + 9x – 4x – 6
= 3x(2x + 3) – 2(2x + 3)
= (2x + 3)(3x – 2)
Thus, 6x2 + 5x – 6 = (2x + 3)(3x – 2)
(iv)
We have, 3x2 – x – 4 = 3x2 – 4x + 3x – 4
= x(3x – 4) + 1(3x – 4) = (3x – 4)(x + 1)
Thus, 3x2 – x – 4 = (3x – 4)(x + 1)
Ex
2.4 Class 9 Maths Question 5.
Factorise
(i)
x3 – 2x2 – x + 2
(ii)
x3 – 3x2 – 9x – 5
(iii)
x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20
(iv)
2y3 + y2 – 2y – 1
Solution:
(i) We have, x3 – 2x2 –
x + 2
Rearranging the terms, we have x3 –
x – 2x2 + 2
= x(x2 –
1) – 2(x2 – 1) = (x2 – 1)(x – 2)
= [(x)2 –
(1)2](x – 2)
= (x – 1)(x + 1)(x – 2) [∵ (a2 – b2) = (a +
b)(a – b)]
Thus, x3 – 2x2 –
x + 2 = (x – 1)(x + 1)(x – 2)
(ii)
We have, x3 – 3x2 – 9x – 5
= x3 +
x2 – 4x2 – 4x – 5x – 5
= x2(x
+ 1) – 4x(x + 1) – 5(x + 1)
= (x + 1)(x2 –
4x – 5)
= (x + 1)(x2 –
5x + x – 5)
= (x + 1)[x(x –
5) + 1(x – 5)]
= (x + 1)(x –
5)(x + 1)
Thus, x3 – 3x2 – 9x – 5 = (x + 1)(x – 5)(x + 1)
(iii)
We have, x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20
= x3 +
x2 + 12x2 + 12x + 20x + 20
= x2(x
+ 1) + 12x(x + 1) + 20(x + 1)
= (x + 1)(x2 +
12x + 20)
= (x + 1)(x2 +
2x + 10x + 20)
= (x + 1)[x(x +
2) + 10(x + 2)]
= (x + 1)(x +
2)(x + 10)
Thus, x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20 = (x + 1)(x + 2)(x +
10)
(iv) We have, 2y3 + y2 – 2y – 1
= 2y3 –
2y2 + 3y2 – 3y + y – 1
= 2y2(y
– 1) + 3y(y – 1) + 1(y – 1)
= (y – 1)(2y2 +
3y + 1)
= (y – 1)(2y2 +
2y + y + 1)
= (y – 1)[2y(y + 1)
+ 1(y + 1)]
= (y – 1)(y + 1)(2y + 1)
Thus, 2y3 + y2 –
2y – 1 = (y – 1)(y + 1)(2y + 1)
NCERT Solutions for Maths Class 10